What is aircraft propeller, Its Parts, Types and All forces which acts on the propeller | Full explainations of propeller

Aircraft Propeller

Aim: Propeller is a device which is convert rotary power to thrust power.

Work: Engine shaft rotate the propeller than after propeller blade absorb the air from front and throw towards backside.

Principal: it is work on newtons third law.

Parts of Propeller: 

Propeller Hub: The center portion of the propeller is a propeller hub.

Propeller Blade: One arm of propeller from hub to tip is a propeller blade.

Propeller Shank: The nearest, thickest and rounded portion of a propeller blade from hub is a propeller shank.

Propeller Blade Root: The attaching part of a propeller from hub is a blade root. blade root is also known as blade base, blade butt.

Propeller Blade Tip: The  farthest portion of a propeller is a blade tip.

Propeller Blade Face: Curved|/Cambered (front from cockpit side) surface of the propeller blade is a blade face.

Propeller Blade Back: Flat/thrust (front from the aircraft side) surface of the propeller blade is a blade back.

Propeller Blade Leading Edge: Where air strike or forward side (thick side) of the propeller is a blade leading edge.

Propeller Blade Trailing Edge: Where not air strike or backward (thin side) of the propeller is a blade trailing edge. 

Propeller Design:

Wood Blades: 

Alluminium Alloy Blades:

Composite Blades:

Propeller Types: 

There are three basic types propeller

Fixed Pitch Propeller

Constant Apeed Propeller

Ground Adjustable Propeller

TYPES OF FORCES

Centrifugal Force

- This is the most dominant force on propeller.

- The force that tends to pull the rotating propeller blade out of the hub.

- The centrifugal load exerted by the blade at high RPM (Revolutions Per Minute) is measured in TONES.

- Centrifugal Force is a physical action and greatest pressure

Torque Bending Force

- This force is in the form of air resistance.

- The forces that tends to bend the propeller blade in the opposite direction than of rotation.

- The resistance generated by the rotating blades is basically drag.

Thrust Bending Force 

- The force is act thrust load on propeller.

- The force that tends to bends the propeller blade in forward as the aircraft pull through the air.

- Thrust bending force is more more prominent at the tip of the propeller blade.

Aerodynamic Twisting Force 

- Aerodynamic Twisting Force (ATF) also called Aerodynamic Twisting Moment (ATM).

- It is a operational force which is act about Center of Pressure (CP) of blade.

- It is increase blade / pitch angle.

Centrifugal Twisting Force 

- Centrifugal Twisting Force (CTF) also called Centrifugal Twisting Moment (CTM).

- It is operational force which is act about Center of Gravity (CG) of blade.

- It is decrease blade / pitch angle.